常用目錄及用途

擴展

/opt

Here’s where optional stuff is put. Trying out the latest Firefox beta? Install it to /opt where you can delete it without affecting other settings. Programs in here usually live inside a single folder whick contains all of their data, libraries, etc.

這里主要存放那些可選的程序。你想嘗試最新的firefox測試版嗎?那就裝到/opt目錄下吧，這樣，當你嘗試完，想刪掉firefox的時候，你就可 以直接刪除它，而不影響系統(tǒng)其他任何設置。安裝到/opt目錄下的程序，它所有的數(shù)據(jù)、庫文件等等都是放在同個目錄下面。

舉個例子：剛才裝的測試版firefox，就可以裝到/opt/firefox_beta目錄下，/opt/firefox_beta目錄下面就包含了運 行firefox所需要的所有文件、庫、數(shù)據(jù)等等。要刪除firefox的時候，你只需刪除/opt/firefox_beta目錄即可，非常簡單。

/usr/local

This is where most manually installed(ie. outside of your package manager) software goes. It has the same structure as /usr. It is a good idea to leave /usr to your package manager and put any custom scripts and things into /usr/local, since nothing important normally lives in /usr/local.

這里主要存放那些手動安裝的軟件，即不是通過“新立得”或apt-get安裝的軟件。它和/usr目錄具有相類似的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)。讓軟件包管理器來管理/usr目錄，而把自定義的腳本(scripts)放到/usr/local目錄下面，我想這應該是個不錯的主意。