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教你使用Python的pygame模塊實現拼圖游戲_python

作者：飛揚青春88 ? 更新時間： 2022-08-27 編程語言

pygame介紹

Python Pygame 是一款專門為開發和設計 2D 電子游戲而生的軟件包，它支 Windows、Linux、Mac OS 等操作系統，具有良好的跨平臺性。Pygame 由 Pete Shinners 于 2000 年開發而成，是一款免費、開源的的軟件包，因此您可以放心地使用它來開發游戲，不用擔心有任何費用產生。

Pygame 在 SDL（Simple DirectMedia Layer，使用 C語言編寫的多媒體開發庫） 的基礎上開發而成，它提供了諸多操作模塊，比如圖像模塊（image）、聲音模塊（mixer）、輸入/輸出（鼠標、鍵盤、顯示屏）模塊等。相比于開發 3D 游戲而言，Pygame 更擅長開發 2D 游戲，比如于飛機大戰、貪吃蛇、掃雷等游戲。

安裝pygame

pip install pygame

pygame常用模塊

  • pygame.cdrom 訪問光驅
  • pygame.cursors 加載光標
  • pygame.display 訪問顯示設備
  • pygame.draw 繪制形狀、線和點
  • pygame.event 管理事件
  • pygame.font 使用字體
  • pygame.image 加載和存儲圖片
  • pygame.joystick 使用游戲手柄或者類似的東西
  • pygame.key 讀取鍵盤按鍵
  • pygame.mixer 聲音
  • pygame.mouse 鼠標
  • pygame.movie 播放視頻
  • pygame.music 播放音頻
  • pygame.overlay 訪問高級視頻疊加
  • pygame.rect 管理矩形區域
  • pygame.scrap 本地剪貼板訪問
  • pygame.sndarray 操作聲音數據
  • pygame.sprite 操作移動圖像
  • pygame.surface 管理圖像和屏幕
  • pygame.surfarray 管理點陣圖像數據
  • pygame.time 管理時間和幀信息
  • pygame.transform 縮放和移動圖像

pygame入門案例

import pygame
import sys

pygame.init()  # 初始化pygame
size = width, height = 320, 240  # 設置窗口大小
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)  # 顯示窗口

while True:  # 死循環確保窗口一直顯示
    for event in pygame.event.get():  # 遍歷所有事件
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  # 如果單擊關閉窗口，則退出
            sys.exit()

pygame.quit()  # 退出pygame

pygame實現拼圖游戲

import pygame, sys, random
from pygame.locals import *

# 一些常量
WINDOWWIDTH = 500
WINDOWHEIGHT = 500
BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (255, 255, 255)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
FPS = 40

VHNUMS = 3
CELLNUMS = VHNUMS * VHNUMS
MAXRANDTIME = 100


# 退出
def terminate():
    pygame.quit()
    sys.exit()


# 隨機生成游戲盤面
def newGameBoard():
    board = []
    for i in range(CELLNUMS):
        board.append(i)
    blackCell = CELLNUMS - 1
    board[blackCell] = -1

    for i in range(MAXRANDTIME):
        direction = random.randint(0, 3)
        if (direction == 0):
            blackCell = moveLeft(board, blackCell)
        elif (direction == 1):
            blackCell = moveRight(board, blackCell)
        elif (direction == 2):
            blackCell = moveUp(board, blackCell)
        elif (direction == 3):
            blackCell = moveDown(board, blackCell)
    return board, blackCell


# 若空白圖像塊不在最左邊，則將空白塊左邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveRight(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell % VHNUMS == 0:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell - 1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell - 1]
    return blackCell - 1


# 若空白圖像塊不在最右邊，則將空白塊右邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveLeft(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell % VHNUMS == VHNUMS - 1:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell + 1], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell + 1]
    return blackCell + 1


# 若空白圖像塊不在最上邊，則將空白塊上邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveDown(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell < VHNUMS:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell - VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell - VHNUMS]
    return blackCell - VHNUMS


# 若空白圖像塊不在最下邊，則將空白塊下邊的塊移動到空白塊位置
def moveUp(board, blackCell):
    if blackCell >= CELLNUMS - VHNUMS:
        return blackCell
    board[blackCell + VHNUMS], board[blackCell] = board[blackCell], board[blackCell + VHNUMS]
    return blackCell + VHNUMS


# 是否完成
def isFinished(board, blackCell):
    for i in range(CELLNUMS - 1):
        if board[i] != i:
            return False
    return True


# 初始化
pygame.init()
mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()

# 加載圖片
gameImage = pygame.image.load('1.jpg')
gameRect = gameImage.get_rect()

# 設置窗口，窗口的寬度和高度取決于圖片的寬高
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((gameRect.width, gameRect.height))
pygame.display.set_caption('拼圖')

cellWidth = int(gameRect.width / VHNUMS)
cellHeight = int(gameRect.height / VHNUMS)

finish = False

gameBoard, blackCell = newGameBoard()

# 游戲主循環
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            terminate()
        if finish:
            continue
        if event.type == KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
                blackCell = moveLeft(gameBoard, blackCell)
            if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
                blackCell = moveRight(gameBoard, blackCell)
            if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
                blackCell = moveUp(gameBoard, blackCell)
            if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
                blackCell = moveDown(gameBoard, blackCell)
        if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
            x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            col = int(x / cellWidth)
            row = int(y / cellHeight)
            index = col + row * VHNUMS
            if (
                    index == blackCell - 1 or index == blackCell + 1 or index == blackCell - VHNUMS or index == blackCell + VHNUMS):
                gameBoard[blackCell], gameBoard[index] = gameBoard[index], gameBoard[blackCell]
                blackCell = index

    if (isFinished(gameBoard, blackCell)):
        gameBoard[blackCell] = CELLNUMS - 1
        finish = True

    windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)

    for i in range(CELLNUMS):
        rowDst = int(i / VHNUMS)
        colDst = int(i % VHNUMS)
        rectDst = pygame.Rect(colDst * cellWidth, rowDst * cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)

        if gameBoard[i] == -1:
            continue

        rowArea = int(gameBoard[i] / VHNUMS)
        colArea = int(gameBoard[i] % VHNUMS)
        rectArea = pygame.Rect(colArea * cellWidth, rowArea * cellHeight, cellWidth, cellHeight)
        windowSurface.blit(gameImage, rectDst, rectArea)

    for i in range(VHNUMS + 1):
        pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (i * cellWidth, 0), (i * cellWidth, gameRect.height))
    for i in range(VHNUMS + 1):
        pygame.draw.line(windowSurface, BLACK, (0, i * cellHeight), (gameRect.width, i * cellHeight))

    pygame.display.update()

    mainClock.tick(FPS)

總結

原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_23488347/article/details/123115713

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