ping [ - Rdfnqrv ] [ - c count ] [ - i wait ] [ - l preload ] [ - p pattern ] [ - s packetsize ] host

# encoding:utf-8
import time
import struct
import socket
import select
 
 
 
 
def chesksum(data):
    n = len(data)
    m = n % 2
    sum = 0
    for i in range(0, n - m ,2):
        sum += (data[i]) + ((data[i+1]) << 8)#傳入data以每兩個字節（十六進制）通過ord轉十進制，第一字節在低位，第二個字節在高位
    if m:
        sum += (data[-1])
    #將高于16位與低16位相加
    sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff)
    sum += (sum >> 16) #如果還有高于16位，將繼續與低16位相加
    answer = ~sum & 0xffff
    #  主機字節序轉網絡字節序列（參考小端序轉大端序）
    answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00)
    return answer
 
def request_ping(data_type,data_code,data_checksum,data_ID,data_Sequence,payload_body):
    #  把字節打包成二進制數據
    icmp_packet = struct.pack('>BBHHH32s',data_type,data_code,data_checksum,data_ID,data_Sequence,payload_body)
    icmp_chesksum = chesksum(icmp_packet)  #獲取校驗和
    #  把校驗和傳入，再次打包
    icmp_packet = struct.pack('>BBHHH32s',data_type,data_code,icmp_chesksum,data_ID,data_Sequence,payload_body)
    return icmp_packet
 
 
def raw_socket(dst_addr,icmp_packet):
    '''
       連接套接字,并將數據發送到套接字
    '''
    #實例化一個socket對象，ipv4，原套接字，分配協議端口
    rawsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_RAW,socket.getprotobyname("icmp"))
    #記錄當前請求時間
    send_request_ping_time = time.time()
    #發送數據到網絡
    rawsocket.sendto(icmp_packet,(dst_addr,80))
    #返回數據
    return send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,dst_addr
 
 
def reply_ping(send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,data_Sequence,timeout = 2):
    while True:
        #開始時間
        started_select = time.time()
        #實例化select對象，可讀rawsocket，可寫為空，可執行為空，超時時間
        what_ready = select.select([rawsocket], [], [], timeout)
        #等待時間
        wait_for_time = (time.time() - started_select)
        #沒有返回可讀的內容，判斷超時
        if what_ready[0] == []:  # Timeout
            return -1
        #記錄接收時間
        time_received = time.time()
        #設置接收的包的字節為1024
        received_packet, addr = rawsocket.recvfrom(1024)
        #獲取接收包的icmp頭
        #print(icmpHeader)
        icmpHeader = received_packet[20:28]
        #反轉編碼
        type, code, checksum, packet_id, sequence = struct.unpack(
            ">BBHHH", icmpHeader
        )
 
        if type == 0 and sequence == data_Sequence:
            return time_received - send_request_ping_time
 
        #數據包的超時時間判斷
        timeout = timeout - wait_for_time
        if timeout <= 0:
            return -1
def dealtime(dst_addr,sumtime,shorttime,longtime,accept,i,time):
    sumtime += time
    print(sumtime)
    if i == 4:
        print("{0}的Ping統計信息：".format(dst_addr))
        print("數據包：已發送={0},接收={1}，丟失={2}（{3}%丟失），\n往返行程的估計時間（以毫秒為單位）：\n\t最短={4}ms，最長={5}ms，平均={6}ms".format(i+1,accept,i+1-accept,(i+1-accept)/(i+1)*100,shorttime,longtime,sumtime))
def ping(host):
    send, accept, lost = 0, 0, 0
    sumtime, shorttime, longtime, avgtime = 0, 1000, 0, 0
    #TODO icmp數據包的構建
    data_type = 8 # ICMP Echo Request
    data_code = 0 # must be zero
    data_checksum = 0 # "...with value 0 substituted for this field..."
    data_ID = 0 #Identifier
    data_Sequence = 1 #Sequence number
    payload_body = b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwabcdefghi' #data
 
    # 將主機名轉ipv4地址格式，返回以ipv4地址格式的字符串，如果主機名稱是ipv4地址，則它將保持不變
    dst_addr = socket.gethostbyname(host)
    print("正在 Ping {0} [{1}] 具有 32 字節的數據:".format(host,dst_addr))
    for i in range(0,4):
        send = i + 1
        #請求ping數據包的二進制轉換
        icmp_packet = request_ping(data_type,data_code,data_checksum,data_ID,data_Sequence + i,payload_body)
        #連接套接字,并將數據發送到套接字
        send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,addr = raw_socket(dst_addr,icmp_packet)
        #數據包傳輸時間
        times = reply_ping(send_request_ping_time,rawsocket,data_Sequence + i)
        if times > 0:
            print("來自 {0} 的回復: 字節=32 時間={1}ms".format(addr,int(times*1000)))
 
            accept += 1
            return_time = int(times * 1000)
            sumtime += return_time
            if return_time > longtime:
                longtime = return_time
            if return_time < shorttime:
                shorttime = return_time
            time.sleep(0.7)
        else:
            lost += 1
            print("請求超時。")
 
        if send == 4:
            print("{0}的Ping統計信息:".format(dst_addr))
            print("\t數據包：已發送={0},接收={1}，丟失={2}（{3}%丟失），\n往返行程的估計時間（以毫秒為單位）：\n\t最短={4}ms，最長={5}ms，平均={6}ms".format(
                i + 1, accept, i + 1 - accept, (i + 1 - accept) / (i + 1) * 100, shorttime, longtime, sumtime/send))
 
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    i = input("請輸入要ping的主機或域名\n")
    ping(i)