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Intro
.NET 6 會(huì)引入一個(gè) Http logging 的中間件，可以用來(lái)幫助我們比較方便記錄請(qǐng)求和響應(yīng)的信息
Sample
廢話不多說(shuō)，直接來(lái)看示例吧
var?builder?=?WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); builder.Services.AddControllers(); var?app?=?builder.Build(); app.UseHttpLogging(); app.MapControllers(); app.Run();
dotnet run 運(yùn)行起來(lái)項(xiàng)目，然后訪問(wèn)一個(gè)接口就可以看到打印出來(lái)的 Http logging 的日志了
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1] ??????Request: ??????Protocol:?HTTP/1.1 ??????Method:?GET ??????Scheme:?http ??????PathBase: ??????Path:?/weatherforecast ??????Accept:?text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9 ??????Connection:?keep-alive ??????Host:?localhost:5084 ??????User-Agent:?Mozilla/5.0?(Windows?NT?10.0;?Win64;?x64)?AppleWebKit/537.36?(KHTML,?like?Gecko)?Chrome/94.0.4606.54?Safari/537.36 ??????Accept-Encoding:?gzip,?deflate,?br ??????Accept-Language:?zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7 ??????Cache-Control:?[Redacted] ??????Upgrade-Insecure-Requests:?[Redacted] ??????sec-ch-ua:?[Redacted] ??????sec-ch-ua-mobile:?[Redacted] ??????sec-ch-ua-platform:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-Site:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-Mode:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-User:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-Dest:?[Redacted] info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2] ??????Response: ??????StatusCode:?200 ??????Content-Type:?application/json;?charset=utf-8 ??????Date:?[Redacted] ??????Server:?[Redacted] ??????Transfer-Encoding:?chunked
默認(rèn)地，HttpLoggingMiddleware 會(huì)記錄請(qǐng)求的基本信息（請(qǐng)求地址，協(xié)議版本）和請(qǐng)求頭信息以及響應(yīng)狀態(tài)和響應(yīng)頭信息，對(duì)于不在默認(rèn)列表里的請(qǐng)求頭和響應(yīng)頭，值會(huì)顯示為 [Redacted]，如果需要記錄這個(gè)請(qǐng)求頭/響應(yīng)頭的值則需要配置 HttpLoggingOptions，可以在注冊(cè)服務(wù)的時(shí)候進(jìn)行配置，配置示例如下：
builder.Services.AddHttpLogging(options?=>
{
????options.RequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control");
????options.ResponseHeaders.Add("Server");
});修改之后，重新啟動(dòng)并請(qǐng)求我們的服務(wù)，日志輸出如下：
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1] ??????Request: ??????Protocol:?HTTP/1.1 ??????Method:?GET ??????Scheme:?http ??????PathBase: ??????Path:?/weatherforecast ??????Accept:?text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9 ??????Connection:?keep-alive ??????Host:?localhost:5084 ??????User-Agent:?Mozilla/5.0?(Windows?NT?10.0;?Win64;?x64)?AppleWebKit/537.36?(KHTML,?like?Gecko)?Chrome/94.0.4606.54?Safari/537.36 ??????Accept-Encoding:?gzip,?deflate,?br ??????Accept-Language:?zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7 ??????Cache-Control:?max-age=0 ??????Upgrade-Insecure-Requests:?[Redacted] ??????sec-ch-ua:?[Redacted] ??????sec-ch-ua-mobile:?[Redacted] ??????sec-ch-ua-platform:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-Site:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-Mode:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-User:?[Redacted] ??????Sec-Fetch-Dest:?[Redacted] info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2] ??????Response: ??????StatusCode:?200 ??????Content-Type:?application/json;?charset=utf-8 ??????Date:?[Redacted] ??????Server:?Kestrel ??????Transfer-Encoding:?chunked
注意看一下請(qǐng)求頭里的 Cache-Control 和響應(yīng)頭里的 Server，原來(lái)都是 [Redacted]，配置之后就顯示正確的值了，如果你要記錄自定義的請(qǐng)求頭信息，也是類似的配置
接著我們來(lái)配置一下記錄請(qǐng)求信息和響應(yīng)信息，可以配置 HttpLoggingOptions 中的 LoggingFields 來(lái)指定需要記錄哪些信息
builder.Services.AddHttpLogging(options?=>
{
????options.LoggingFields?=?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingFields.All;
????options.RequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control");
????options.ResponseHeaders.Add("Server");
});在上面的基礎(chǔ)上增加 LoggingFields 的配置，這里直接配置上所有的信息，此時(shí)再來(lái)重新請(qǐng)求，查看日志如下：
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1]
??????Request:
??????Protocol:?HTTP/1.1
??????Method:?GET
??????Scheme:?http
??????PathBase:
??????Path:?/weatherforecast
??????Host:?localhost:5084
??????User-Agent:?dotnet-HTTPie/0.1.1
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2]
??????Response:
??????StatusCode:?200
??????Content-Type:?application/json;?charset=utf-8
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[4]
??????ResponseBody:?[{"date":"2021-09-25T23:40:11.0164783+08:00","temperatureC":37,"temperatureF":98,"summary":"Cool"},{"date":"2021-09-26T23:40:11.0164836+08:00","temperatureC":50,"temperatureF":121,"summary":"Warm"},{"date":"2021-09-27T23:40:11.0164838+08:00","temperatureC":-7,"temperatureF":20,"summary":"Scorching"},{"date":"2021-09-28T23:40:11.016484+08:00","temperatureC":39,"temperatureF":102,"summary":"Freezing"},{"date":"2021-09-29T23:40:11.0164842+08:00","temperatureC":4,"temperatureF":39,"summary":"Balmy"}]可以看到此時(shí)的 response body 也記錄下來(lái)了
我們?cè)賮?lái)增加一個(gè) POST 的 API 來(lái)驗(yàn)證一下 RequestBody 是不是可以正常記錄
[HttpPost] public?IActionResult?Post(System.Text.Json.JsonElement?element)?=>?Ok(element);
使用 dotnet-httpie 執(zhí)行 http :5084/weatherforecast name=test
請(qǐng)求一下 API，輸出日志如下：
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1]
??????Request:
??????Protocol:?HTTP/1.1
??????Method:?POST
??????Scheme:?http
??????PathBase:
??????Path:?/weatherforecast
??????Host:?localhost:5084
??????User-Agent:?dotnet-HTTPie/0.1.1
??????Content-Type:?application/json;?charset=utf-8
??????Content-Length:?15
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[3]
??????RequestBody:?{"name":"test"}
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2]
??????Response:
??????StatusCode:?200
??????Content-Type:?application/json;?charset=utf-8
info:?Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[4]
??????ResponseBody:?{"name":"test"}
More
仔細(xì)看上面的示例的話會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題，當(dāng)要記錄 ResponseBody 的時(shí)候，Response header 的信息沒有被完全記錄下來(lái)，感覺像是一個(gè) BUG，提了一個(gè) issue 還沒回復(fù)，感興趣的可以參考：<https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/issues/36920>
另外感覺這個(gè)中間件的日志級(jí)別都是 Information 級(jí)別的，如果可以根據(jù)響應(yīng)狀態(tài)來(lái)動(dòng)態(tài)配置日志級(jí)別就好了，比如說(shuō)響應(yīng)狀態(tài)碼大于等于 500 的時(shí)候，日志級(jí)別記錄為 ERROR, 這樣就可以有效地去除很多不必要的日志了，提了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)陋的 PR，有興趣的可以參考：https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/pull/36873
原文鏈接：https://jishuin.proginn.com/p/763bfbd6811e
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