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設(shè)置Redis最大占用內(nèi)存的實(shí)現(xiàn)_Redis

作者:R先生專欄 ? 更新時(shí)間: 2022-07-14 編程語言

Redis需要設(shè)置最大占用內(nèi)存嗎?如果Redis內(nèi)存使用超出了設(shè)置的最大值會(huì)怎樣?

打開redis配置文件

找到如下段落,設(shè)置maxmemory參數(shù),maxmemory是bytes字節(jié)類型,注意轉(zhuǎn)換。修改如下所示:

# In short... if you have slaves attached it is suggested that you set a lower
# limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for slave
# output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is 'noeviction').
#
# maxmemory <bytes>
maxmemory 268435456

本機(jī)服務(wù)器redis配置文件路徑:/usr/local/openresty/lualib/redis/redis.conf,由于本機(jī)自帶內(nèi)存只有4G,一般推薦Redis設(shè)置內(nèi)存為最大物理內(nèi)存的四分之三,所以設(shè)置3G,換成Byte是3221225472.

我們可以在CentOS下輸入命令:find / -name redis查找redis目錄:

[root@VM-8-8-centos ~]# find / -name redis
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/redis
/usr/local/openresty/lualib/redis

Redis使用超過設(shè)置的最大值

如果Redis的使用超過了設(shè)置的最大值會(huì)怎樣?讓我們來改一改上面的配置,故意把最大值設(shè)為1個(gè)byte試試。

# output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is 'noeviction').
#
# maxmemory <bytes>
maxmemory 1

打開debug模式下的頁(yè)面,提示錯(cuò)誤:OOM command not allowed when used memory > ‘maxmemory’.

設(shè)置了maxmemory的選項(xiàng),redis內(nèi)存使用達(dá)到上限。可以通過設(shè)置LRU算法刪除部分key,釋放空間。默認(rèn)是按照過期時(shí)間的,如果set時(shí)候沒有加上過期時(shí)間就會(huì)導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)寫滿maxmemory。

如果不設(shè)置maxmemory或者設(shè)置為0,64位系統(tǒng)不限制內(nèi)存,32位系統(tǒng)最多使用3GB內(nèi)存。

LRU是Least Recently Used 最近最少使用算法。

  • volatile-lru -> 根據(jù)LRU算法生成的過期時(shí)間來刪除
  • allkeys-lru -> 根據(jù)LRU算法刪除任何key
  • volatile-random -> 根據(jù)過期設(shè)置來隨機(jī)刪除key
  • allkeys->random -> 無差別隨機(jī)刪
  • volatile-ttl -> 根據(jù)最近過期時(shí)間來刪除(輔以TTL)
  • noeviction -> 誰也不刪,直接在寫操作時(shí)返回錯(cuò)誤 如果設(shè)置了maxmemory,一般都要設(shè)置過期策略。打開Redis的配置文件有如下描述,Redis有六種過期策略:
# volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm
# allkeys-lru -> remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm
# volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set
# allkeys-random -> remove a random key, any key
# volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
# noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations

那么打開配置文件,添加如下一行,使用volatile-lru的過期策略:

maxmemory-policy volatile-lru

保存文件退出,重啟redis服務(wù)。

使用info命令查看Redis內(nèi)存使用情況

如服務(wù)器Redis所在目錄:/usr/local/openresty/lualib/redis/src

在終端輸入./redis-cli,打開Redis客戶端,輸入info命令。

出來如下信息:

[root@iZ94r80gdghZ src]# ./redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:3.0.7
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:f07a42660a61a05e
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-327.10.1.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.8.5
process_id:2165
run_id:8ec8a8dc969d6e2f2867d9188ccb90850bfc9acb
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:668
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:15882419
config_file:/etc/redis/6379.conf

# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0

# Memory
used_memory:816232
used_memory_human:797.10K
used_memory_rss:7655424
used_memory_peak:816232
used_memory_peak_human:797.10K
used_memory_lua:36864
mem_fragmentation_ratio:9.38
mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0

# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:0
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1458722327
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok

# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:0
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:14
total_net_output_bytes:0
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:0
keyspace_misses:0
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:0
migrate_cached_sockets:0

# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0

# CPU
used_cpu_sys:0.30
used_cpu_user:0.29
used_cpu_sys_children:0.00
used_cpu_user_children:0.00

# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0

# Keyspace
db0:keys=1,expires=1,avg_ttl=425280

其中used_memory:816232,僅用了0.7M左右。

原文鏈接:https://juejin.cn/post/7098612405365637128

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