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pandas如何將datetime64[ns]轉(zhuǎn)為字符串日期_python

作者:呆萌的代Ma ? 更新時(shí)間: 2022-09-03 編程語(yǔ)言

將datetime64[ns]轉(zhuǎn)為字符串日期

將datetime64[ns]轉(zhuǎn)為字符串日期(“%Y-%m-%d”)最核心的用法是:

pandas.series.dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')

如果是DataFrame或Series的index,則轉(zhuǎn)換最核心的用法是:

pandas.DataFrame.index.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

示例代碼

將series轉(zhuǎn)為字符串日期:

import pandas as pd
def convert_datetime(col_series: pd.Series):
? ? """series datetime64[ns] 轉(zhuǎn) 字符串日期"""
? ? if col_series.dtype == "datetime64[ns]":
? ? ? ? return col_series.dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
? ? else:
? ? ? ? return col_series
def main():
? ? time_series = pd.Series(pd.date_range(start="20200101", periods=20, freq="D"))
? ? new_time_series = convert_datetime(time_series)
? ? print(time_series, "\n")
? ? print(new_time_series)
if __name__ == '__main__':
? ? main()

使用apply()將整個(gè)dataframe的所有datetime64[ns]都轉(zhuǎn)為object類型的日期數(shù)據(jù)

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
def convert_datetime(col_series: pd.Series):
? ? """series datetime64[ns] 轉(zhuǎn) 字符串日期"""
? ? if col_series.dtype == "datetime64[ns]":
? ? ? ? return col_series.dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
? ? else:
? ? ? ? return col_series
def main():
? ? time_df = pd.DataFrame(index=np.arange(0, 20))
? ? time_df['dt_col'] = pd.date_range(start="20200101", periods=20, freq="D")
? ? time_df['num_col'] = np.random.random(size=20)
? ? convert_time_df = time_df.apply(convert_datetime, axis=0)
? ? print(time_df.dtypes, "\n ==============")
? ? print(convert_time_df.dtypes)
if __name__ == '__main__':
? ? main()

python datetime與字符串、時(shí)間戳與字符串相互轉(zhuǎn)換

用flask處理前端傳過(guò)來(lái)的時(shí)間參數(shù)時(shí),有可能是時(shí)間,也有可能是字符串,在不需要前端改動(dòng)的情況下,后端可以自己處理。

情況1:將datetime形式轉(zhuǎn)為需要的字符串

(這樣的字符串在寫(xiě)原生sql語(yǔ)句是可以當(dāng)作實(shí)參傳遞使用)

import datetime
time1 = datetime.datetime.now()
print(type(time1))
print(time1)#假設(shè)前端傳的形式不符合后端要求
time1 = time1.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')#只取年月日,時(shí)分秒
print(type(time1))
print(time1)

情況2:將字符串形式的時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)為datetime形式

import time,datetime
str_time = '2020-9-20 21:33:21'
fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
print(str_time)
print(type(str_time))
str_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(str_time, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(str_time)
print(type(str_time))

運(yùn)行結(jié)果

情況3:約定前端傳過(guò)來(lái)datetime形式

形如2020-09-20 21:49:58.986521,我們已經(jīng)將其處理成了字符串,我們只取前端傳過(guò)來(lái)的年月日,后面時(shí)分秒由自己添加,這時(shí)我們可以使用原生sql語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行查詢,形如(只需要看懂傳字符串能查就行)

point_detect = db.session.execute("select a.id as flag_id,a.patrol_time,b.id as point_id,b.point_number,b.x_coor,b.y_coor from pipe_user_point a left join pipe_point b on a.pipe_point_id = b.id ?and a.pipe_user_id = '%s' and a.patrol_time <= '%s' and a.patrol_time >= '%s' and b.is_active = 1" % (patrol_id,start_time,end_time)).fetchall()
import time,datetime
start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print(type(start_time))
print(start_time)#假設(shè)前端傳的形式不符合后端要求
start_time = start_time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')#只取年月日 時(shí)分秒由自己添加
print(type(start_time))
print(start_time)
start_time = start_time + ' 00:00:00'
print(type(start_time))
print(start_time)
end_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
print(type(end_time))
print(end_time)

情況4:對(duì)datetime形式的時(shí)間進(jìn)行減操作

其中end_time會(huì)減去一天

import time,datetime
start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print(type(start_time))
print(start_time)
end_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print(type(end_time))
print(end_time)
time = start_time - datetime.timedelta(days=1)#取一天之前
print(type(time))
print(time)
time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
print(type(time))
print(time)

21-7-7更新

情況5:將前端毫秒時(shí)間戳轉(zhuǎn)為年月日時(shí)分秒

def time_change_str(int_millisecond_time_stamp):
    dateArray = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(int_millisecond_time_stamp / 1000)
    otherStyleTime = dateArray.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    return otherStyleTime
 
#flask中的model.query.filter(model.report_time >= time1)可行

原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_35757704/article/details/125598119

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